Periodontal maintenance is a cleaning procedure performed to thoroughly clean the teeth.  Maintenance is an important dental treatment for halting the progression of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease and gingivitis occur when bacteria from plaque colonize on the gingival (gum) tissue, either above or below the gum line.  These bacteria colonies cause serious inflammation and irritation which in turn produce a chronic inflammatory response in the body.  As a result, the body begins to systematically destroy gum and bone tissue, making the teeth shift, become unstable, or completely fall out.